The new constitution created new institutions like the (Bundesrat) Federal Council, Bundesversammlung (Federal Assembly), and Bundesgericht (Federal Court). In 1848 a Federal Constitution was ratified, turning the loose league of cantons into a Federal State with a new federal capital in Bern. The Sonderbund War erupted in 1847 which saw the liberals as victors. This met the opposition of the Catholic, conservatively dominated cantons who formed the Sonderbund in 1845. In several cantons liberal powers prevailed, calling for more democracy and more centralism. The Swiss Confederation saw crisis in the 19th century.
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